Unix komutları -3

Disks, Filesystems and Devices commands

	Solaris	Red Hat	Ubuntu/Debian	HP	AIX
Disk Drives	format prtvtoc <device> format -e (to convert EFI (zfs) to SMI) Note: EFI - Extensible Firmware Interface SMI - Sun Microsystems Inc	fdisk -l sfdisk -l (advanced server) parted <device> print partprobe <device>	fdisk -l sfdisk -l (advanced server) parted <device> print partprobe <device>	ioscan -funC disk	lsdev -Cc disk lsdev -Cc disk -p scsi0 (specific controller) lsdev -Cc disk -S [a|d|s] (available, defined,stopped) lscfg -v -l hdisk0
Disk serial Number, type, etc	format iostat -En luxadm inq <disk> (A5x00 disk arrays)	hdparm -i /dev/hda hdparm -I /dev/hda (detailed) hdparm -Tt /dev/hda (speed test) sdparm -i /dev/sdb  cat /proc/ide/ide0/hda/model cat /proc/scsi/scsi	hdparm -i /dev/hda hdparm -I /dev/hda (detailed) haparm -Tt /dev/hda (speed test) sdparm -i /dev/sdb  cat /proc/ide/ide0/hda/model cat /proc/scsi/scsi	diskinfo -v /dev/rdsk/c0t4d0 (detailed but no serial number) /opt/ignite/bin/print_manifest (no serial number) ## Insure that the online diagnostic support tools have been installed swlist -l bundle | grep 'Support Tools' ## Command-Line Support Tools Manager (cstm)  ## The run cstm  cstm cstm> map cstm> sel dev 4       (select the disk of you choice) cstm> info cstm> il                  (obtain the serial number)  cstm> quit	lscfg -vl hdisk0 lscfg -vl hdisk*
Disk disk partitions	prtvtoc <device> cat /etc/vfstab	fdisk -l sfdisk -l (advanced server) cat /proc/partitions (very high level) cat /etc/fstab	fdisk -l sfdisk -l (advanced server) cat /proc/partitions (very high level) cat /etc/fstab	lvlnboot -v /dev/vg00  lifls -Clv <device> # Display the LIF contents lifcp /dev/dsk/c0t6d0:AUTO -  cat /etc/fstab Note: Boot programs are stored in the boot area in Logical Interchange Format (LIF), which is similar to a file system. For a device to be bootable, the LIF volume on that device must contain at least the ISL (the initial system loader) and HPUX (the HP-UX bootstrap utility) LIF files. ISL is like GRUB.	lsvg -l rootvg  lchangelv cat /etc/filesystems
List Raw Partitions	use format to partition the disk then just use the slice as a raw partition, remember to use the character device	## Old way  /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices service rawdevices start chkconfig rawdevices on ## New way, Edit below file  /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules udevinfo -d or udevadm  ## Display raw partitions  raw -qa	mknod /dev/rawctl c 162 0 mknod /dev/raw/raw0 c 162 1 mknod /dev/raw/raw1 c 162 2 ln -s /dev/rawctl /dev/raw/rawctl ## map raw devices to the disk raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb1 ## display raw devices raw -qa	Just create a new LVOL without a filesystem - that's it.	Just create a new LVOL without a filesystem # create a raw volume mklv -y rawVolume vg01 10
Filesystem commands	df -k df -h	df -k  df -h	df -k df -h	bdf df [-egiklnvfb]	df -k  lsfs [<filesystem>]  lsfs -q <filesystem> (detailed)
Filesystem (create|remove)	newfs -v <raw device> # Display how the filesystem was created  newfs -Nv <filesystem>	mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1	mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1	newfs -F vxfs -o largefiles /dev/vg01/rlvol1 mkfs -F vxfs -o largefiles /dev/vg01/rlvol1 Note: mkfs and newfs are a pointer to /sbin/fs_wrapper	crfs -v jfs2 -d data02lv -m /data02 -A yes -v filesystem type -d device or logical volume -m mountpoint -A mount after restart [yes|no] rmfs -ri /data02 -r remove the mountpoint -i display warning before removing chfs -a size=+1G /var (grow by additional 1GB)  chfs -a size=1G /var (grow to 1GB in size)
Tune Filesystems	tunefs fstyp -v <device> |grep -i minfree	tune2fs tune2fs -l /dev/sda1 # change reserved blocks percentage to 1% tune2fs -m 1 /dev/sda1	tune2fs tune2fs -l /dev/sda1 # change reserved blocks percentage to 1% tune2fs -m 1 /dev/sda1	tunefs -v <filesystem> vxtunefs -v <filesystem>  fstyp -v <filesystem> # Disk fragmentation fsadm -F vxfs -E / (report) fsadm -F vxfs -e / (defrag)	chfs Note: you can perform the following resize freeze change mountpoint permissions lots more..............................
Force fsck	# Check to see filesystem needs checking fstyp -v <filesystem> | grep fsclean	touch /forcefsck shutdown -Fr now tune2fs -l /dev/sdb<?> |grep -i 'filesystem state'	touch /forcefsck shutdown -r now tune2fs -l /dev/sdb<?> |grep -i 'filesystem state'  # edit /etc/default/rcS change below so  # you dont have to hang around  FSCKFIX=yes	# Look at the second line to see if a filesystem  # needs checking  tunefs -v <filesystem>	n/a
backup filesystem	ufsdump|ufsrestore tar dd cpio	dump/restore tar dd cpio	dump/restore tar dd cpio	fbackup/frecover dump/restore ftio  tar dd cpio	backup|restore tar dd cpio
Display the boot device	eeprom |grep boot-device  prtconf -pv |grep bootpath  prtpicl -v|grep ':bootpath'	cat /boot/grub/grub.conf cat /etc/lilo.conf grub = grand unified boot loader lilo = linux loader	cat /boot/grub/menu.lst	setboot	bootinfo -b (display last boot device)  bootlist -m [normal|service] -o (display bootable devices)
Setting the boot device	setenv boot-device [<device>|<alias>] eeprom boot-device [<device>|<alias>]	/boot/grub/grub.conf /etc/lilo.conf	/boot/grub/menu.lst	setboot -p <primary path> setboot -a <alternate path> # autoboot sequnce  setboot -b [on|off]	bootlist -m normal hdisk0 hdisk1
Creating boot device (MBR)	installboot /usr/platform/`uname -i`/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk <raw-device>	grub-install <raw-device>  lilo -v	grub-install <raw-device>	mkboot -l <device> Note: we are treating the disk as a LVM device	bosboot -a (uses default device) bosboot -ad hdisk1
Format floppy drive	fdformat -v -U volcheck -v newfs -v /vol/disk/aliases/floppy0	floppy --probe (use device obtained below )  floppy --createrc > /etc/fd0 floppy --format /dev/fd0 mkfs /dev/fd0	n/a	n/a	format -d /dev/rfd0 format -d /dev/fd0.18 (high format)
mount/unmount floppy	volrmmount -l floppy0 eject floppy	mount /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy umount /mnt/floppy	n/a	n/a	mount /dev/rfd0 /floppy
mount/unmount CDROM	mount -F hsfs -o ro <device path> /cdrom/cdrom0 umount /cdrom/cdrom0 /etc/init.d/volmgr start eject cdrom	mount -rt iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom umount /mnt/cdrom eject cdrom	mount -rt iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom umount /mnt/cdrom eject cdrom	mount -rF cdfs /dev/dsk/c1t6d0 /cdrom start: /usr/sbin/pps_mountd pps_mount	mount -v cdrfs -r /dev/cd0 /cdrom umount /cdrom
remount a filesystem	n/a	mount -o remount,rw /	mount -o remount,rw /	mount_vxfs -o remount,ro <filesystem>	mount -o remount,rw <filesystem> Note:I did find a note that it should be possible to remount a jfs2 filesystem, but it did not work on my system
create boot disk or recovery tape	n/a	mkbootdisk `uname -r` (boot diskette)	n/a	recovery tape (preview) make_tape_recovery -v -l -x inc_entire=vg00 /opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery -ACv	mksysb
boot cdrom/diskette (single user)	ok> boot cdrom -s	using the grub window append the word singleto the kernel line	using the grub window append the word singleto the kernel line	enter PDC > search  >boot p1 (cdrom)  interact with IPL? Y ISL> hpux -is	based on a 9114-275 workstation 1.     Restart the machine. 2.     Wait the the AIX splash screen to come up. Devices begin to initialize here. 3.     When you see the [keyboard] word on screen hit the F5 button or the 5 key depending on your console. 4.     Choose “default boot list ” when the maintenance screen comes up.
boot into maintenace mode	ok> boot -as	f10 or f12	f10 or f12	>boot pri  interact with IPL? Y ISL> hpux -lm	based on a 9114-275 workstation 1.     Restart the machine. 2.     Wait the the AIX splash screen to come up. Devices begin to initialize here. 3.     When you see the [keyboard] word on screen hit the F5 button or the 5 key depending on your console. 4.     Choose “select boot options ” when the maintenance screen comes up, then option 1, then option 1 for scsi, then option 3 service mode boot
Device paths	floppy: disk: /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 tape: /dev/rmt/0ucb cdrom: /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s0 /dev/scd0 (external usb cd)	floppy: /dev/fd0 disk: /dev/hda or /dev/sda  /dev/hdb or /dev/sdb tape: cdrom: /dev/hda (depends on number of IDE disks)	floppy: /dev/fd0 disk: /dev/hda or /dev/sda  /dev/hdb or /dev/sdb tape: cdrom: /dev/hda (depends on number of IDE disks)	floppy: n/a disk: /dev/dsk/c0t6d0 tape: /dev/dsk/rmt/0 cdrom: /dev/dsk/c1t6d0	floppy: /dev/fd0 /dev/rfd0 disk: /dev/hdisk0 tape: cdrom: /dev/cd0
update /dev directory	drvconfig devlinks disks|tapes|ports devfsadm ( solaris 8, 9, 10)	/dev/MAKEDEV <device>	/dev/MAKEDEV <device>	insf -C tape (Class) insf -H 0.1.0 -e (recreate deleted link)	cfgmgr cfgmgr -l scsi0 mkdev
remove or change a device	rem_drv			# remove all devices from a hardward path  rmsf -k -H 52.6.0	rmdev rmdev -l cd0 chdev chdev -l rmt0 -a ret=no
list device drivers	prtconf -D  sysdef	cat /proc/devices	cat /proc/devices	lsdev	lsdev lsdev -Cc disk lsdev -Cc disk -p scsi0 lsslot -c pci -l ent0 lscfg lscfg -l ent0 lscfg -vl fcs0 (find the WWN of HBA adapter) lspath -l hdisk0  getconf DISK_SIZE hdisk1 (detailed)